https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atomInternational Journal of Contemporary Medicine2024-03-27T09:29:10+00:00Prof. Daya Chandeditor.ijocm@gmail.comOpen Journal Systems<p><strong>International Journal of Contemporary Medicine</strong> is a double blind peer reviewed international journal which has commenced its publication from January 2013. The journal is half yearly in frequency. The journal covers all aspects of l medical specialties including intensive care, hospital practice, ICU etc . The journal has been assigned ISSN 2320-9623 (Print Version) and ISSN 2321-1032(Online Version). The journal is indexed in many international data bases like Google scholar , EBSCO , Pro Quest etc.</p> <p>This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.</p> <p> </p>https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3508Progeria: Unraveling the Premature Aging Puzzle2024-03-27T10:11:27+00:00Tincy Mariam EasowDipankar Maiti
<p>Progeria is a rare genetic disorder that accelerates the aging process in affected children. This review provides a<br>comprehensive overview of Progeria, including its clinical manifestations, genetic basis, molecular mechanisms,<br>diagnostic methods, current treatments, and ongoing research efforts. Understanding Progeria is vital for advancing<br>both our knowledge of aging processes and potential therapeutic strategies. Progeria (pro-JEER-e-uh), also known<br>as HGPS, is an extremely rare, progressive genetic disorder. It reasons children to age rapidly, preliminary in their<br>first two years of life. Children with progeria usually appear healthy at birth. Throughout the first year, symptoms<br>such as slowed growth, loss of fat tissue and hair loss begin to appear. Heart complications or strokes are the final<br>cause of death in most children with progeria. The usual life expectancy for a child with progeria is about 15 years.<br>Some with the condition may die younger and others may live longer, even to about 20 years. There’s no cure for<br>progeria, but new treatments and research show some potential for managing symptoms and complications.</p>
2024-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3507A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of TAI CHI Ch-Uan Exercises on Balance Control among Older People Living in Selected Old Age Homes in Bangalore, Karnataka2024-03-27T10:11:27+00:00Thushara T R
<p>Background and Purpose: The treatment of balance disorders lacks a fixed method, with identification and<br>management of external factors being crucial. Many balance disorders benefit from balance training and moderate<br>physical activity. Exercise programs encompass strength training, balance and coordination exercises, dual task<br>training, hydrotherapy, tai chi, and yoga, all proven to enhance balance. Tai Chi Chuan, a martial art, utilizes slow,<br>graceful moves and precise body movements to enhance body awareness and balance, combined with breathing<br>techniques for mind-body harmony and energy flow. Practicing Tai Chi fosters muscle strength, flexibility, aerobic<br>conditioning, and stress reduction, contributing to overall well-being and balance improvement.<br>Methods: The study was conducted at Omashram Trust, Bangalore, Karnataka. The research design selected<br>for the study was quasi experimental pre-test post-test with experimental and control group. Non probability<br>purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the samples. The data collection tool consisted of part I and<br>part II.<br>Part I – Dealt with the interview schedule for demographic data which consist of 13 items used to collect the<br>sample characteristics such as age in years, gender, religion, educational status, past occupation, source of income,<br>marital status, diet, on a therapeutic diet, practice of regular exercise, presence of any physical illness, aware of<br>information about Tai Chi Chuan exercise, if yes.<br>Part II - Berg balance scale was used to assess the balance control in older people.<br>Results of the Study<br>Association between the body balance status and demographic variables<br>a) Experimental Group<br>The finding of this study in the experimental group showed that there was significant association between the level<br>of balance control and demographic variables such as age and past occupation. Hence the research hypothesis was<br>accepted at 0.05 level of significance and null hypothesis was rejected.</p> <p>Control Group<br>The finding of this study in the control group proved that there was significant association between the level of<br>balance control and demographic variables such as age, education and presence of any physical illness. Hence the<br>research hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of significance and null hypothesis was rejected.<br>Discussion: The overall findings of the study clearly showed that effectiveness of tai CHI CH-UAN exercises<br>on balance control among older people living in selected old age homeswas more effective for the Experimental<br>group than the Control group.</p>
2024-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3506Profile of Blood Donors and Reasons for Deferral at a District Hospital in North Goa2024-03-27T10:11:27+00:00Misbah ShaikhShruti Shetye BhandarePriyanka MashelkarKrupa Jog
<p>Introduction: A blood transfusion is a life-sustaining procedure in several medical and surgical conditions. It is<br>vital that an adequate inventory of safe blood is established by implementing stringent donor selection criteria and<br>screening for transfusion transmitted infections by ultrasensitive methods of detection. Despite a huge population,<br>scarcity of blood lingers nationwide and it is important to analyse the varied reasons of deferrals in order to lessen<br>the deferrals in the future.<br>The aim of this paper is to scrutinise the demographic profile of blood donors and evaluate the patterns and<br>reasons for donor deferral at North Goa District hospital, India.<br>Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out at the Blood Centre , North Goa District<br>hospital,India,. All those who registered for donation between June 2022 till May 2023 were included in the study.<br>The donors were screened by a questionnaire followed by medical examination and were selected or deferred<br>based on the guidelines laid down by Drugs and Cosmetics Act,1940 and Directorate General of Health Services,<br>MoHFW,Govt of India1.2 .Data was collected using a proforma and analysed by SPSS software wherever indicated.<br>Results: During this time period, 2611 donors registered for blood donation, out of which 425 donors were deferred<br>due to diverse reasons. Most of the donors were voluntary donors(98.3%) of which majority were males(86.4%).<br>The commonest cause of deferral in males was high BP(24%) and high Hb(11.3%) whereas the commonest cause of<br>deferrals in females was low Hb (46.9%). Most of the donors were rejected due to temporary reasons(97.1%). The<br>commonest reason of permanent deferrals was a medical history of uncontrolled DM.</p>
2024-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3504Sero Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infection in Blood Donors: North Goa District Hospital Based Study2024-03-27T10:11:27+00:00Shruti ShetyePriyanka MashelkarMisbah ShaikhKrupa Jog
<p>Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) have emerged as one of the significant public health problems globally<br>in blood transfusion . The morbidity and mortality associated with TTIs have highlighted the need for improving<br>blood safety. The present study aims to investigate the sero prevalence of various TTIs among blood donors in the<br>North Goa District Hospital.<br>This study was a retrospective cross sectional study conducted from January 2021 upto September 2023. A total<br>of 5,426 blood donors were included in this study. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained from<br>the donors. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the presence of various TTIs such as<br>HIV, HBV, HCV, and Syphilis.<br>The mean age of the donors was 32 years, with the majority being males (87.4%). Out of the 5,426 donors, 11 tested<br>positive for HIV, 32 for HBV, 30 for HCV, and 1 for Syphilis. The overall sero prevalence of TTIs was found to be<br>1.36%.<br>This study highlights the importance of regular screening of blood donors to ensure blood safety. The results<br>of this study can be utilized to develop and implement effective donor selection strategies, which will help in<br>reducing the transmission of TTIs through blood transfusion.<br>So far no such study has been published from Goa.</p>
2024-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3503Kawasaki Disease: Unveiling the Complexities of an Enigmatic Pediatric Vasculitis2024-03-27T10:11:27+00:00Ashwini K MDipankar MaitiMasud Hasan
<p>Kawasaki disease is a critical vasculitis of childhood that principally affects the coronary arteries. The main cause<br>of Kawasaki disease leftovers unidentified, even if an infectious agent is sturdily suspected based on clinical and<br>epidemiologic features. A genetic predilection is also likely, based on fluctuating incidences among ethnic groups,<br>with advanced rates in Asians. Symptoms contain fever, conjunctival injection, erythema of the lips and oral<br>mucosa, rash, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Some children with Kawasaki disease progress coronary artery<br>aneurysms or ectasia, ischemic heart disease, and unexpected death. Kawasaki disease is the foremost cause of<br>acquired heart disease among children in technologically advanced countries. This article offers a summary of the<br>analytic and treatment guidelines published by the AHA.</p>
2024-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3420A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structure Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Reproductive Health among Adolescent Girls in A Selected School Bengaluru2023-07-31T11:31:34+00:00Tincy Mariam Easow
<p>IndiaAbstractBackground And Purpose: Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood. It is a decisive age for girls. They often lack knowledge regarding reproductive health and are vulnerable to sexual assault and exploitation. This creates various problems like menstrual problems, STD, unwanted pregnancy unsafe abortions etc. Especially in India the special needs of adolescent girls are rarely addressed. The present study is aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding reproductive health among adolescent’s girls in a selected school, Bengaluru.Methods: Quasi- Experimental Research Design was adopted for the present study. The self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data related to demographic variables and knowledge questionnaire whereas 5-point rating scale was used to assess the attitude of the adolescent girls regarding reproductive health. 60 adolescent girls were selected by simple random sampling technique. The main study was conducted from 18/02/2016 to 26/02/2016 at Royal Concorde International School, Bengaluru and the data collected was analyzed and interpreted based on descriptive and inferential statistics.Result: The present study showed that the pre-test mean knowledge score obtained by the students was 11.23 and the pre-test mean attitude score was 41.50. After administering structured teaching programme regarding reproductive health, post-test mean knowledge score increased to 23.07 and posttest mean attitude score increased to83.25. The obtained t value (30.20) was found to be highly significant at 0.001 levels. The correlation (r = 0.132) between pretest knowledge and attitude was found to be highly significant (p=0.00) at 0.001 level whereas posttest correlation (r=0.412, p=0.00) was significant at 0.001 level. Thus, it was evident that the developed structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge and modification of attitude of adolescent girls regarding reproductive healthDiscussion:The overall findings of the study clearly showed that the Structured Teaching Programme was significantly effective in improving the knowledge and modification of attitude regarding reproductive health of adolescent girls.</p>
2023-07-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3418Alterations of Handgrip Strength in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients2023-07-27T10:30:37+00:00Hrishikesh. S. PaiSoumya K. Das
<p>Background:Peripheral Neuropathy is most prevalent chronic complication in diabetes.Diabetes affect sensory and<br>motor function including progressive loss of somatosensory sensitivity,Insufficient muscle strength and functional<br>Impairment.Objective of this study isto Analyse Hand grip strength in Diabetes patients with or without Neuropathy.<br>Methods:Descriptive study in Government medical college Thoothukudi,100 Patients attending Outpatient Department<br>for Diabetes were analysed.Duration of study 6 months.Demographic data and medical history was noted after<br>informed consent.Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument applied.Hand grip was tested using Electronic digital<br>hand Dynamometer and compared with 40 age matched healthy volunteers.Findings described in simple descriptive<br>manner.SPSS version 24 used for statistical analysis.<br>Results:Mean Age 62.40+/-6.435 Vs Control group 58.55+/-6.921.Male 58%,Female 42%.Between 45-54yrs(8%),55-<br>64yrs(62%),65-75yrs(30%).Mean duration of diabetes 8.31+/-2.770 years.Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument<br>score mean 4.98+/-1.484.Mean Hand grip Right hand(kg) 20.723+/-7.688 Vs Control 24.978+/-7.1427.Mean Hand<br>grip Left hand(kg) 19.153+/-7.2436 vs Control 22.890+/-6.8664.Mean Hand grip right hand male compared to control<br>45-54yrs(27.66+/-6.63 vs 35.34+/-4.16),55-64yrs(27.14+/-6.31 vs30.95+/-2.55)65-75yrs(16.47+/-5.89 vs 21.24+/-2.32).<br>Mean hand grip female 45-54yrs(18.2+/-4.79 vs 26.74+/-3.17),55-64yrs(17.22+/-4.63 vs 19.88+/-2.14),65-75yrs(13.34+/-<br>2.85 vs 14.84+/-1.16).<br>Conclusions:Handgrip strength is lower in participants with Diabetes compared to age matched controls.Mean hand<br>grip values also showed decrease with age in both study participants and healthy volunteers.</p>
2023-07-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3416Impact of Diabetic Neuropathy on Ankle Dorsiflexion in Older Adults2023-07-27T10:30:38+00:00Soumya Kanti DasHrishikesh S. Pai
<p>Background: Diabetes mellitus is increasing among the population. If early diagnosis and treatment can be done, complications can be reduced. Although there are studies evaluating the impact of diabetes on joint motion, there are limited studies examining the ankle range of motion and its correlation with duration or severity of diabetic neuropathy symptoms. This study aims to examine the impact of diabetic neuropathy on angle of ankle dorsiflexion and it’s correlation with duration or severity of diabetic neuropathy symptoms Methods: Descriptive study in Government medical college, Thoothukudi. 72 patients attending the outpatient department of Medicine and Neuromedicine of a tertiary care hospital, ranging from 40 to 75 years were included in the study out of which 36 were diabetic with symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and 36 were non-diabetic. Ankle range of motion was measured using goniometer. Severity of neuropathy assessed using Toronto Clinical Neuropathy score and duration of diabetic neuropathy symptoms recorded. Results: Mean Age (Diabetic group) 59.28±8.06 Vs 56.08±10.16 (Non-Diabetic group). Proportion of patients with decreased angle of dorsiflexion among the patients with diabetic neuropathy (77.8%) was significantly higher than non-diabetic patients (47.2%) (Z=4.52;p<0.0001). Chi-square (2χ) test showed that there was significantassociation between severity of diabetic neuropathy and angle of dorsiflexion (in degree) of the patients with diabetic neuropathy (p<0.0001). Angle of dorsiflexion decreased significantly with severity of diabetic neuropathy. Pearson correlation co-efficient showed that there was significant negative correlation between duration of diabetic neuropathy and angle of dorsiflexion (r=-0.61;p<0.001). Thus with the increase in duration of diabetic neuropathy angle of dorsiflexion decreased significantly.Conclusions: It was found that the angle of ankle dorsiflexion was lower in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients It was also concluded that the duration of diabetic neuropathy and severity of sensory symptoms have an inverse relationship with ankle range of motion.</p>
2023-07-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3415Implementation of Deep Learning based Automated Diagnosis of Glaucoma Using Digital Retinal Fundus Images2023-07-27T10:30:38+00:00Santhosh SD. Veerabhadra BabuDr. Anoop B K
<p>Glaucoma is a prevalent chronic condition that can cause irreversible vision loss. The number of individuals suffering<br>from permanent vision loss as a result of glaucoma is predicted to rise at an alarming rate in the near future. There<br>is a lot of study being done on computer-aided diagnosis for glaucoma. The optic cup (OC) and optic disc (OD) are<br>typically segmented in retinal fundus images to distinguish between glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous instances.<br>However, the OC boundaries are quite non-distinctive; as a result, accurate OC segmentation is extremely difficult,<br>and OD segmentation performance also needs to be improved. To address this issue, we suggest two networks for<br>accurate glaucoma screening: CNN and RNN-LSTM. We created a CNN-RNN hybrid that extracts not only the spatial<br>information in a fundus image but also the temporal features encoded in fundus sequential images. A CNN and a<br>combined CNN and Long Short-Term Memory RNN were trained using 1810 fundus pictures and 295 fundus videos.<br>In differentiating glaucoma from healthy eyes, the combined CNN/RNN model achieved an average F-measure of<br>95.2%. In comparison, the fundamental CNN model only achieved an average F-measure of 78.2%. Both proposed<br>networks include a separable convolutional link to improve computational efficiency and lower network costs. The<br>proposed architecture can provide great accuracy even with only a few trainable parameters.</p>
2023-07-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3414The Endovascular Options For Management of Superficial Femoral Artery Osteal Occlusions2023-07-27T10:30:38+00:00Khaled A. ShawkyUsama S. EmamWaleed A. El-BazAhmed M. SharawyIbrahim S. Abdelaziz
<p>Background: Endovascular intervention is now the primary line of treatment for patients with critical limb ischemia.<br>Nevertheless, endovascular experts face several obstacles with these treatments due to the existence of broad multilevel<br>lesions, osteal lesions, and lengthy and entire chronic occlusive lesions.<br>Aim of this work: Evaluation the different endovascular techniques of management the superficial femoral artery<br>osteal lesions in cases with critical limb ischemia or incapacitating claudication.<br>Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study of 55 patients who presented to Beni Suef University Hospitals’<br>vascular surgery unit between January 2020 and December 2021. Patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic occlusive<br>disease of the osteal region of SFA are included in the research.<br>Results: Technical success was done in 92.7% of cases. Figure (4) shows that;the mean hospital stay of cases in this<br>study was 1.53 ± 0.81 days with range (1.0 – 4.0).Follow up at 1 and 3 months revealed that; patency was kept in 51<br>(100%), 49 (96.07%) and 40 (78.43%) of all technical successful cases in one, three and six months respectively.<br>Conclusion: Endovascular treatments show promising prospects as treatment options for SFA atherosclerotic occlusive<br>disorders, particularly when osteal lesions are present. Endovascular intervention techniques, facilities, and expertise<br>have greatly improved, resulting in a high technical success rate and a high proportion of lower limb patency in CLI<br>patients.</p>
2023-07-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3413Stone Man Syndrome: A Rare and Debilitating Genetic Disorder with a Misguided Immune Response2023-07-27T10:30:38+00:00Dipankar MaitiShilpa N.M
<p>Stone Man Syndrome, also known as Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva(FOP), is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive bone formation and connective tissue ossification. The condition affects approximately 1 in 2 million people worldwide and typically becomes apparent during early childhood. Individuals with Stone Man Syndrome experience the formation of extra bone in their muscles, tendons, and ligaments, which eventually leads to joint immobility and skeletal abnormalities. The condition progresses gradually and often leads to the fusion of the spinal column and rib cage, resulting in respiratory problems and limited mobility. FOP is caused by a mutation in the ACVR1 gene, which encodes a protein involved in bone formation and repair. The mutation leads to the activation of a specific signalling pathway, causing the body to produce excess bone tissue in response to injury or trauma. Currently, there is no cure for Stone Man Syndrome, and treatment options are limited. Physicians can only manage the symptoms of the condition and help patients maintain mobility through physical therapy, pain management, and surgery. However, surgery can be risky due to the risk of triggering new bone formation. The diagnosis of Stone Man Syndrome is typically based on clinical evaluation and genetic testing. Early diagnosis is critical to developing effective treatment plans and providing support for patients and their families. In conclusion, Stone Man Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive formation of extra bone tissue, leading to joint immobility and skeletal abnormalities. Although there is currently no cure for the condition, early diagnosis and management of symptoms can improve patients’ quality of life.</p>
2023-07-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3412Comparative Study Between Pedicled Latissimusdorsi Flap Reconstruction And Traditional Conservative Breast Surgery in Upper Outer Quadrant Breast Cancer2023-07-27T10:30:38+00:00Ahmed S. AhmedHesham S. MostafaAbdel N. M. S. El NaggarAbdel H. M. A. Halim AliMostafa F. Ibrahim
<p>Background:Oncoplastic breast surgery (OPS)has developed as an extension of breast conserving surgery (BCS) in an effort to improve esthetic and functional outcome following surgery for breast cancer (BC). This study evaluatedthe benefits of reconstruction using the latissimusdorsi(LD) flap, as compared with local tissue displacement.Methods: This was a comparative non-randomized control study on patients after excision of the malignant mass from the upper outer quadrant BC. The two groups were classified into Group A: reconstruction by local tissues displacement, and Group B: reconstruction by pedicledLD flap.The two techniques were compared regarding history, examination finding, intraoperative and post-operative complications.Results:there was no significant difference between group A and B regarding their age, BMI, distance between tumor, NACandpostoperative complications. Tumor size was larger in group B,there was a significant longer operative time,increased blood loss and longer time to recoveryin group B than group A.Conclusion: OPS with breast reconstruction using the pedicledLD flap accompanied with better intra and postoperative outcomes.</p>
2023-07-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3366Incidence of Complications in Early vs. Late Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy after Acute Cholecystitis2023-01-30T07:02:19+00:00Rimon Boshra RizkHossam Ahmed Aboul-EneinTamer Mohamed NabilRowida Yehia Elsayed AliMostafa fathy IbrahimMohammed Ahmed Korany6
<p>Background: The majority of digestive tract illnesses are caused by biliary ailments. Cholelithiasis is one of them,<br>that produces generalized illness, necessitating surgical intervention for complete recovery. Aims: The goal of<br>this study was to compare the outcomes of early (within one week) and delayed (after six weeks) laparoscopic<br>cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.<br>Patients and Methods: This study was took place from November 2019 to July 2021, at the General Surgery<br>department, Beni-Suef University hospitals, with 54 cases diagnosed with acute cholecystitis during the study<br>period were included. Patients were randomized using the closed envelope method.<br>Results: Operative time showed significant prolongation in the delayed group (76.12 vs. 37.98 minutes in the early<br>group – p < 0.001).Early intervention was associated with a significant reduction in post-operative pain measured<br>by VAS (3 vs. 4 in the other group – p = 0.015). Patient satisfaction was significantly improved in the early group<br>compared to the late group (p < 0.001).<br>Conclusion: This study found that laparoscopic cholecystectomy at early stage is a safe and feasible therapeutic<br>option for cholecystitis. It’s linked to lower VAS scores, shorter operative times, and lower complication rates. It’s<br>not statistically significant, but related to higher patient satisfaction.</p>
2023-01-30T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3365A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Single Mega Dose Vitamin D Therapy with Standard Daily Dose Vitamin D Therapy in Vitamin D Deficient Critically Ill Children2023-01-30T07:02:19+00:00Channanayaka ChandrashekharShaarangdhar NadagoudRashmi NPrajwala Hassan VasudevGeorge Mathew PanachiyilTirin Babu
<p>Introduction: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been reported to be very high (up to 50%) in critically<br>ill children admitted in Paediatric ICU, and vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased mortality,<br>increased length of Paediatric ICU and hospital stay. But the impact of supplementation of vitamin D in these<br>children on the clinical outcome is not very clear.<br>Study Objectives: Primary Objective: To compare the efficacy of single mega dose vitamin D therapy with<br>standard daily dose vitamin D therapy in vitamin D deficient critically ill children.<br>Secondary Objective: To assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in critically ill children in a tertiary care<br>centre.<br>Methodology: A study population of 50 children meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. All the<br>subjects admitted to our Paediatric ICU were subjected to a detailed history and examination. Vitamin D levels<br>were sent at admission and children with vitamin D deficiency (< 20ng/dl) were taken as study subjects and<br>randomized into two groups. One group received single mega dose vitamin D therapy, and the second group<br>received standard daily dose vitamin D therapy. These children were followed up until their Paediatric ICU stay<br>or death. The impact of supplementation was compared among both the groups in terms of length of Paediatric<br>ICU stay and mortality.<br>Results: The mean length of Paediatric ICU stay among children receiving a single mega dose vitamin D therapy<br>was 5.04 days compared to 3.56 days among children receiving standard-dose vitamin D therapy (p-value 0.337),suggesting no significant difference in the length of Paediatric ICU stay among the study subjects of both groups.<br>There was no mortality among these study subjects. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the study group<br>was 55.6%.<br>Conclusion: Supplementation of a single mega dose of vitamin D compared to the standard dose of vitamin D has<br>no advantage on the clinical outcome of Vitamin D deficient critically ill children in terms of length of Paediatric<br>ICU stay and mortality.</p>
2023-01-30T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3364Comparative Study between Bipolar Transurethral Resection and Bipolar Transurethral Enucleation of the Prostate for Managing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia2023-01-30T07:02:19+00:00Akram A. Elmarakbi MDAmr M. Lotfy MDAhmed M.Raghb MDMostafa Deabes MDAmr Masoud MDOsama Sayed MD
<p>Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is considered a common disorder that occurs with advancing age in<br>males. The bladder outlet obstruction is the main complaint associated with this condition that could be managed<br>with different endoscopic approaches the traditional one is the transurethral prostatic resection and recently the<br>transurethral prostatic enucleation has emerged. This study aimed to compare between both techniques.<br>Methods: This was a clinical trial performed at Ahmed Maher Teaching hospital. Patients were randomized to<br>either Group (1): (TUEP) patients subjected to the bipolar transurethral enucleation of prostate and Group (2):<br>(TURP) patients subjected to the bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate. After the surgical procedures,<br>the patients were compared regarding the success rate and the perioperative complications. Three months after<br>surgery, assessment was done through uroflowmetry studies, post-voiding residual volume of urine and the<br>International Prostate Symptom Score.<br>Results: The mean duration of the procedure showed no significant differences between both groups in TUEP<br>(82.8±8.4 min) vs (79.7±8.80 min) TURP (P=0.262). Post-operative drop of haemoglobin level was less in TUEP<br>vs TURP (0.79±.14 vs 1.41±.42) g/dl (P=0.007), in addition to shorter time needed for catheters (46.10±10.18 vs<br>56.65±13.14 hr; P=0.036) and less duration of hospital stay (53.70±9.13 vs 62.40±12.06 hr; P=0.001). A significant<br>improvement was observed between baseline and 3 months postoperatively regarding uroflowmetry (Qmax),<br>IPSS and PVR in both groups.<br>Conclusion: The mean operative time was nearly similar in both groups, however TUEP was associated with less<br>bleeding, shorter time needed for catheters, less time needed for hospital stay. After 3 month, uroflowmetry Qmax,<br>PVR and IPSS were similar in both procedures.</p>
2023-01-30T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3274Prevalence of Depression among type 2 Diabetic Patients attending at Primary Health Care Centres Buraidah, Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia2022-09-06T09:43:17+00:00Sohail Ali AlqarawiChandra Sekhar Kalevaru
<p>Background: Chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes can play a major role in mental health ant its spectrum.<br>Recent studies have been shown that the diabetes can increase the risk of depression which could lead to poor selfcare<br>and adverse outcomes among the patients.<br>Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among the patients attending primary health care centres<br>and simple random technique was applied among the 250 participants for the sample recruitment through self<br>administered questionnaire. Results: In the present study, about 43.2% were having depression based on self<br>reported patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and majority people had mild depression (29.2%). Depression<br>among the type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with female gender, primary education, unemployed and<br>widow (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis was done, diabetic neuropathy and family history of depression<br>was significantly associated with depression among type 2 diabetes patients.(P-0.001, P-0.004 consecutively).<br>Conclusions: Based on the study results, there was increase prevalence of depression was noticed. This could<br>be due to PHQ-9 tool, also self administered questionnaire and self reported participants. Health promotional<br>measures to be strengthened.</p>
2022-07-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Sohail Ali Alqarawi, Chandra Sekhar Kalevaruhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3273Determinants of Severity of Covid 19 Positive Cases in ICU: A Hospital Based Study2022-09-06T09:43:17+00:00Prateek KishorSaurabh SharmaAlka SinghSartaj AhmadPawan ParasharRahul BansalNitesh Kumar
<p>Introduction: A mutated variant of COVID 19, B. 1.617.2 was first identified in India, also known as the delta<br>variant. This delta variant was largely responsible for the second wave of pandemic in India. The second wave was<br>epidemiologically different from first wave with very high death rates. This study was done during the second<br>wave to estimate the determinants of severity of COVID 19 cases admitted in ICU. The Findings of the study may<br>support in prevention and management of severe cases of COVID 19.<br>Methodology: This was a hospital-based cros- sectional study conducted from April to June 2021, among 100<br>COVID-19 positive patients admitted in ICU of a tertiary care center, Level-3(L3) facility of COVID-19 in North<br>India. A telephonic conversation was done with patients/attendants for data collection after explaining to them<br>the purpose. Those who gave consent were interviewed. A pre-designed, pre-validated, and semi-structured<br>questionnaire was used for data collection. Data analysis was done using R software and Chi square (χ2) test was<br>used as test of association.<br>Results: Out of 100 patients admitted in ICU, 41% patients were under the age of 45 years mostly from urban set<br>up. Of all 64% had no co-morbidities, 83% had no addiction, 66% were not on any medication. Majority of them<br>were either incompletely vaccinated or not vaccinated for Covid-19. 54% of ICU cases under study died. There<br>was no significant statistical association between mortality and age, gender, occupation, comorbidities, addiction,<br>medication, blood group, and residence. Lesser mortality of vegetarian patients was the only variable found to be<br>statistically significant (χ2 = 0.037 and p< 0.05).<br>Conclusion: Delta variant responsible for the second wave of COVID 19 pandemic in India had no favorites;<br>it caused severe infection and death despite the young age and good health, but it was found in our study that<br>vegetarians had higher chances of survival than non vegetarians. Hence everyone should be vaccinated and must<br>follow the COVID appropriate behavior.</p>
2022-07-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Prateek Kishor, Saurabh Sharma, Alka Singh, Sartaj Ahmad, Pawan Parashar, Rahul Bansal, Nitesh Kumarhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3272The role of Paraoxonase 1 in Alopecia Areata, a Marker and a Severity Index2022-09-06T09:43:17+00:00Hanem Elwi OmarNglaa Abd AllahSabah Ebrahim Abd ElrahimMoshira Mohammed Ali
<p>Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an immune-mediated form of hair loss that affects all ages and both sexes.<br>Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an esterase enzyme that has lipophilic antioxidant power; it is one of the endogenous<br>free-radical-scavenging systems in the human body. This work was to detect serum PON1 level in patients with<br>alopecia areata.<br>Methods: 60 subjects, 30 AA patients and 30 controls. Full history, general and local clinical examination, clinical<br>assessment of the degree of AA and collection of blood for investigations and paraoxonase1 measurement were<br>to participants.<br>Results: The study revealed significant decrease in serum PON1 level in AA patients (54.083 ± 25.464 μg/L) in<br>comparison to controls (69.479 ± 17.012 μg/L). This decrease was more in male than female.<br>Conclusions: Serum PON1 levels are lower in AA patients. An association between oxidative stress and<br>pathogenesis of this auto immune disease is identified. Attenuation of oxidative stress might be a relevant<br>therapeutic approach and it would be useful to recommend additional drugs with antioxidant effect for treatment.</p>
2022-07-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Hanem Elwi Omar, Nglaa Abd Allah, Sabah Ebrahim Abd Elrahim, Moshira Mohammed Alihttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3271Vascular Complications in Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus2022-09-06T09:43:17+00:00AishwaryaAditya Agarwal
<p>Background and Objectives:<br>India is claimed to be the diabetes capital of the world. Many studies had proven that persistent hyperglycemia<br>and associated metabolic syndrome features like hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity contribute to the<br>development of vascular complications.<br>The present study aims to study the prevalence and clinical profile of microvascular and macrovascular<br>complications in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.<br>Methods: The study is a clinical, prospective and observational study of 100 newly detected type 2 diabetics<br>attending medicine department outpatient/ inpatient, SGRRIMHS hospital, dehradun, form the subject for the<br>study August 2018 to July 2020 (24 months) who matched the inclusion criteria.<br>Results: In this, 62 were males and 38 were females and the mean age was 54.05±13.24 years. 44% were detected<br>when they presented with multiple complications due to diabetes. Common complications which they presented<br>were coronary artery disease (15%), infection (12%), stroke (6%), ulcers (4%), neuropathy (4%) and diabetic<br>ketoacidosis (1%). The prevalence of macrovascular complications CAD, CVD and PAD was 26.0%, 8.0% and<br>11.0% respectively and microvascular complications retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy was 20.0%, 34.0%<br>and 16.0% respectively.High incidence of complications especially microvascular and CAD occur with HbA1c of<br>range >6.5. The correlation coefficient of FBS and PPBS in relation to HbA1c was 0.56 and 0.57 respectively.<br>Conclusion: Smoking, increased BMI and waist circumference is associated with increased prevalence of diabetes.<br>There is high prevalence of coronary artery disease, retinopathy and nephropathy at diagnosis. HbA1c levels<br>predict the prevalence of complications.</p>
2022-07-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Aishwarya, Aditya Agarwalhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3213Knowledge about Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Effect of Lifestyle Habits among Medical Students of North India2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Monika GuptaSartaj AhmadChhavi Kiran GuptaVarsha ChaudharyPawan ParasharRavi Sashtri
<p>Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous, chronic endocrine disorder<br>commonly diagnosed in women of reproductive age and the most common cause of hyperandrogenism<br>and hirsutism.<br>Objective: To assess the knowledge about PCOS among medical students and to assess the awareness<br>about effects of lifestyle habits on PCOS.<br>Material & Method: This cross sectional study was done among100 undergraduate medical students<br>of a private medical college of Western UP using a pre designed semi-structured questionnaire.<br>Results: Majority (84%) of students were already aware about PCOS. Significant association was<br>found between the awareness about PCOS with gender of study population. Majority (80%) of students<br>were already aware about the lifestyle changes. There was significant association between knowledge<br>about lifestyle modifications in PCOS with the knowledge about etiology of PCOS.<br>Conclusion: it is a growing endocrinological problem in the females of the reproductive age group.<br>Early screening is necessary to prevent lifelong complications.</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Monika Gupta, Sartaj Ahmad, Chhavi Kiran Gupta, Varsha Chaudhary, Pawan Parashar, Ravi Sashtrihttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3207A Review Study on Socio-economic Causes of Juvenile Delinquency2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Sartaj AhmadBhawana PantMonika GuptaAlka SinghReena BishnoiManoj Kumar Tripathi
<p>Juvenile delinquent is a person under age, who is guilty of anti- social act and whose misconduct is an<br>infraction of law. The problem of “Juvenile Delinquency” is a very vague issue that consists of a lot of<br>contingencies and is also open to a number of apprehensions and interpretations as to how, when and<br>what preventive methods should be used to prevent such delinquent behaviour among the adolescents<br>of our nation.</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Sartaj Ahmad, Bhawana Pant, Monika Gupta, Alka Singh, Reena Bishnoi, Manoj Kumar Tripathihttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3206Domestic Violence Against Women Rising During Covid-19 Pandemic : A Sociological Study2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Sartaj AhmadBhawana PantMonika GuptaAlka SinghPrateek Kishor
<p>Violence against women within the family is a global phenomenon. No society can claim to be free<br>of such violence. The degree of violence differs according to the socio economic condition of the society.<br>Women in Indian society are victims of ill-usage, humiliation, torture and exploitation for as long as<br>written records of structure and family life are accessible. These records are replete with incidents<br>of abduction, rape, murder and torture of girls. Women themselves tolerated all this in the name of<br>their spiritual values and socio-cultural attitudes, because the cases of wife-battering, rapes, kidnappings<br>and abductions, intra-familial murders, dowry-deaths, eve-teasing and molestation, etc., were reported.</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Sartaj Ahmad, Bhawana Pant, Monika Gupta, Alka Singh, Prateek Kishorhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3205Pleural Effusion in Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis : A Report2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Shivjeet YadavKuber SharmaVikram KumarSonu Kumar SinglaNavdeep Malik
<p>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune multisystem disorder characterized by endothelial<br>dysfunction and fibroblast dysfunction, which results in progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal<br>organs more frequently the lungs and gastro intestinal tract. Pulmonary involvement is common in the<br>course of SSc, with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) along<br>with pleural effusion being the leading causes of death. Here we report, case of an elderly male patient<br>presenting with cutaneous SSc with multiple uncommon pulmonary manifestations like ILD with right<br>sided pleural effusion with hepatic cyst.</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Shivjeet Yadav, Kuber Sharma, Vikram Kumar, Sonu Kumar Singla, Navdeep Malikhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3204Withdrawn2024-02-25T10:34:45+00:00
<p>This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors. Common reasons for withdrawal may include studies not being sanctioned by the university or institution, conflicts of interest, or authors opting for alternative publications</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 https://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3203Status of Complications among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending at Tertiary Health Care Centre, Karimnagar2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00G. Rajashekhar
<p>Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic manageable illness and it resulted due to absence<br>or insufficient insulin production. As the disease is in chronic condition, patients tend to neglect their<br>health due to cost of the medicine, secondly adherence to medication and taking care about other<br>parts like foot and peripheries. Finally it affects directly or indirectly affect the quality of life due to<br>development of long term complications. Aim of the study is to find the demographic factors and risk<br>factors associated with long term complications of the Diabetes. Methodology: A cross sectional study<br>was conducted among the outpatient attendees at Chalamada Ananda Rao Institute of Medical sciences<br>during the period from October 2020 to March 2021 among the 233 patients. Data entered in Micro<br>soft Excel and appropriate statistical tests like simple proportions and chi square test were applied.<br>Results: In the present study, about 51% were in the age group of 51-60 years and males were 48%.<br>In the current study, smoking and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with long term<br>complications of neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy (P<0.001). Conclusions: Based on the study<br>results, risk factors like smoking and alcohol consumption to be reduced as far possible. In addition to<br>our regular care special counselling sessions to be planned with trained health educators. Need lifestyle<br>modifications adaptation among diabetic and even non diabetic people we can suggest as a primordial<br>prevention.</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 G. Rajashekharhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3202Chronic Analgesic (NSAID induced) SJS: A Case Report2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Dave RiyaRajinder SharmaKuber SharmaLakshya Yadav
<p>In the contemporary era, use of drugs is the dominant paradigm of health care. The most quotidian<br>drug used for fever and pain is paracetamol. Although adverse reactions to paracetamol in India are<br>rare, at times they can cause life-threatening situations. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is one such<br>potentially lethal adverse drug reaction. The most reported cases of analgesic-induced SJS were due<br>to oxicams or propionic acid derivatives. There are very few detailed reports of SJS due to the use<br>of paracetamol. We report a case of SJS, which occurred due to the use of paracetamol. The clinical<br>features of this condition and multidisciplinary management of the patient are described in brief.</p>
2022-01-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2022 Dave Riya, Rajinder Sharma, Kuber Sharma, Lakshya Yadavhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3076Quality of Life among the Parents of Children with Hematological Malignancies: A Pilot Study2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Abhilash VenunathanKandasamy MuthugounderReetha Devi V S
<p>Background: Haematological malignancies are the most common cancer among the children in the age group<br>of 0-14 years. Leukemia is the most prevalent cancer among these children. The diagnosis of haematological<br>malignancy in a child is a frightening situation for the parents as well as the family, as they are the primary<br>caregivers of the children. The aim of the present study was to assess quality of life (QoL) among parents of<br>children with haematological malignancies.<br>Methods: The cross-sectional pilot study included 30 parents of children between 0-14 years of age taking<br>treatment at the two tertiary cancer care centres of Kerala, India. The data regarding QoL was obtained<br>through Parents a validated Malayalam version of parent’s quality of life inventory (P-QLI). Descriptive<br>statistics was used to identify quality of life of the parents.<br>Results: An equal distribution of fathers and mothers were maintained in the study ( 15 mothers and 15<br>fathers). The average age of the parents was 26± 2 years (for mothers) and 34± 3 years (for the fathers).<br>Majority (73.3%) of children had Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), and their mean age was 6±4 years.<br>The statistical analysis showed that 33.3% of the parents had a poor quality of life after the diagnosis of<br>haematological malignancy for their children. In addition, the mean QoL scores among the parents of children<br>with haematological malignancies were less thatn50% of the total score of the P-QLI .The haematological<br>malignancies among the children had a negative impact on physiological, psychological, social, vocational,<br>economic, and spiritual dimensions of parent’s quality of life.<br>Conclusions: This study showed that QoL measured by QLI-PCL in parents of children with haematological<br>malignancies were poor, and the present study put forward the need strengthening parent support services<br>among the parents of children with cancer.</p>
2021-07-09T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2021 Abhilash Venunathan, Kandasamy Muthugounder, Reetha Devi V Shttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3074Mysterious Covid 2nd Wave in India2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Ritu KaushikDeeksha ChaudharyRajpal VermaAnshu Makkar
<p>India, which has second –largest population in the world is suffering severely from COVID-19 disease.<br>The 2nd wave of COVID-19 is affecting most of the world. In India 2nd wave wreaks havoc, where daily<br>count on April 15, 2021 itself was double of the first peak1. In this paper, we characterize that this wave is<br>proving to be more infectious and deadlier than first wave. A few studies taken here from different countries<br>forcomparison of characteristics between 1st and 2nd wave of COVID-19.2As the country’s healthcare system<br>is crumbling amid the surge in cases- doctors say it’s hard for them to “see the light at the end of tunnel this<br>time”.</p>
2021-07-09T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2021 Ritu Kaushik, Deeksha Chaudhary, Rajpal Verma, Anshu Makkarhttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3072Menstrual Health: What Have We Learned?2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00Nimble O JBibil Babu C
<p>Women specific health issues are always neglected and underestimated by the society including women<br>themselves. Premenstrual syndromes (PMS), Thyroid issues, Post-partum depression are common cause of<br>physical, psychological and social problems in women of reproductive age.<br>This research explores the evidence about women’s awareness and attitude about menstrual health related<br>problems and alternative and sustainable menstruation practices. This study was designed to explore the<br>potential health physical and environmental benefits that can accrue by women with safe, affordable, and<br>convenient materials, such as the menstrual cup, for menstrual management. Researcher collected primary<br>data from 28 women using convenience sampling technique to understand awareness and attitude about<br>women health issues. Researcher also collected primary data from 50 women using cluster sampling method<br>to investigate attitudes and awareness towards sustainable menstruation practices and to an alternative<br>menstrual product. The result showed positive reactions to an alternative menstrual product</p>
2021-07-09T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2021 Nimble O J, Bibil Babu Chttps://ijop.net/index.php/ijocm/article/view/3071Stress and Anxiety in the Maternal During the COVID-19 PandemiC2022-09-06T09:43:16+00:00
<p>Background & Aim: Decreased immunity in pregnant and birthing women makes this population vulnerable,<br>both physiologically and psychologically. The global pandemic of acute respiratory syndrome caused by<br>coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), which is the new virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),<br>increases the risk of psychological distress including stress and anxiety that can impact pregnancy and/or<br>childbirth disorders. The research objective was to determine the conditions of stress and anxiety in the<br>maternal during the COVID-19 pandemic<br>Methods & Materials: This study used a descriptive survey method on a sample of pregnant women and<br>women giving birth by purposive sampling, namely those who visited the Independent Practice Midwife<br>(BPM) clinic in Bekasi City from April to July 2020 totaling 58 people. Data were collected using the<br>DASS-21 questionnaire which was packaged in a google form and distributed online via the social media<br>WhatsApp (WA). The data collected was then analyzed descriptively to be presented as a result of the study.<br>Results: Most of the respondents were 20-35 years old, had secondary education and most of them had<br>primiparous parity. Most of the respondents’ stress conditions were within normal limits, but there was also<br>mild (15,52%) to moderate stress (13,79%). Most of the respondents’ anxiety was within normal limits,<br>however, there was also mild (13,79%), moderate (13,79%), severe (8,62%) to very severe anxiety (1,72%).<br>Conclusion: Stress and anxiety occurred in respondents as a psychological response during the COVID-19<br>pandemic; so that active management is needed to prevent the effects of stress and prolonged anxiety.</p>
2021-07-09T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2021