Tobacco Smoke and Pregnancy Outcome: Literature Review

Authors

Haerani Harun1 , Anwar Daud2 , Veni Hadju3 , Ridwan Amiruddin4 , Anwar Mallongi2 , Rosmala Nur5

Pregnancy Outcome, tobacco smoke, ETS, LBW, preterm birth.

Introduction. Pregnant women have a risk for tobacco smoke both actively and passively. Pregnant women

are usually exposed to enviromental tobacco smoke (ETS) in various places with different duration of time.

Cigarette smoke has a severe effect not only on pregnant women but also on the fetus.Methods This is a

literature review. Various references were collected from online database including reports, journals, mostly

in the last 10 years. The journals were mostly from the scholarly journals.

Results. Tobacco smoke can effect the immunity, hormonal and metabolic system of the pregnant woman,

therefore disturbing the growth of the fetus. Tobacco smoke also known to increase the risk of premature

birth and reduce gestational age. Tobacco smoke cause several problems in newborn such as respiration

distress, low birth weight (LBW), neural disorder, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and congenital

anomaly.

Conclusion. The effect of tobacco smoke, actively of passively, have worse outcome for the pregnant

women and their babies.

1Student of Doctoral Program, Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, 2Professor,

Department of Environmental Health Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia,

3Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar,

Indonesia, 4Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar,

Indonesia, 5Faculty of Public Health, Tadulako University, Palu, Indonesia