Expression Levels of Efflux pump mexR and norA Genes in Multi-Drug Resistant in Some Bacteria by Using Quantitative RT-PCR Under Stress of Effect Efflux Pump Inhibitors.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37506/mlu.v21i1.2532Keywords:
Efflux pump inhibitors, mexRgene, norAgene, gene expression, RT-qPCR.Abstract
The study was suggested because of the major role of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Staphylococcus aureus in a wide range of clinical infections besides increasing a high resistance against the
commonly used difference antibiotic. The efflux pumps have a vital role in multidrug resistance for extruding
many toxic materials and antibiotics. This study aimed to measure the expression level of efflux pump genes
in MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus using RT-qPCR technique. In this study, one
hundredclinical isolates of MDRP. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolated from wounds were examined, then
20 isolates selected based on their ability as MDR and wereexposed to different concentrations of Ethidium
Bromide (Cartwheel method) to determine the presence of efflux pumps activity. Efflux pump genesmexR,
and norA were screened by PCR. The results demonstrated the presence of mexR and norA genesin all MDR
isolates. RT-qPCR assay was used for investigating the efflux pump genes expression. The difference in gene
expression between active and nonactive efflux pumps was determined when exposed to the antibiotics and
efflux pump inhibitors.