Viability Test of Water Hyacinth Leaf Extract (Eichornia Crassipes) on Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by colonization of bacteria that affects soft
tissues and hard tissues that support the teeth, inflammation and rejuvenation of alveolar bone are signs
of periodontal disease. Fibroblast also play a role in producing and maintaining extracellular matrix, cell
proliferation and cell differentiation in response to prolonged tissue injury and chronic inflammation. The
components of water hyacinth are very beneficial for health such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins.
This study aimed to determine the concentration of EcengGondok leaf extract which can maintain the
viability of human gingival fibroblast cells for 24 hours. The method human gingival primary cell culture
was harvested, placed on a 96-well microplate. Each well on the microplate was given water hyacinth leaf
extract with a concentration of 1 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 0.25 mg/ml, 0.25 mg/ml, 0.125 mg/ml, 0.0625 mg/
ml, 0.0312 mg/ml, 0.0156 mg/ml for 24 hours. MTT assay was carried out by adding MTT solution after
24 hours of incubation. Formazan optical density values are read by ELISA reader with a wavelength of
590 nm, viability is obtained by calculating the viability formula. Results are viability of human gingival
fibroblast cells was good starting in the treatment group 0.125 mg/ml, 0.0625 mg/ml, 0.0312 mg/ml and
0.0156 mg/ml. Conclusion the highest viability of human gingival fibroblast cells in the treatment group of
0.0156 mg/ml was 75.98%.