The Effect of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Bridles Flocks on Identification of Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) and Ornithobacteriumrhinotracheale (ORT) in the Middle Euphrates Region in Iraq

Abstract

The swollen head syndrome is one of the most upper respiratory problems in poultry that causing high
economic loss in poultry,SHS is infected of all ages mainly 4-6 weeks old with morbidity may reach to
10% and mortality about 2%, Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV)Is one of the most important etiological
factors that causing swollen head syndrome (SHS), (aMPV) is a member of sub family Pneumovirinae
under the family Paramyxoviridae, also this family characterized by RNA non segmented negative sense
genome, Ornithobacteriumrhinotracheale (ORT) It is one of most important etiological factor of (SHS) is
one of a contagious disease that capable to infect avian species, primarily in turkeys and chickens, causing
marketable respiratory distress, decreased growth, and mortality will be depending on many factors like
combination with viral infection like aMPV. Study the effect of vaccinated flocks with (ND, IB, IBD) with
identification of Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) and Ornithobacteriumrhinotracheale (ORT), in middle
Euphrates region in Iraq