Comparative Study of Sex Estimation by Mesiodistal width of Mandibular Canine and Mesiodistal width of Maxillary Canine in North Indian Population

Authors

  • Mohammad Abdurrahman Khan Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki.
  • Manisha Verma King George’s Medical University Lucknow.
  • Syed Belal Hassan Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research; Integral University, Lucknow.
  • Anoop Kumar Verma King Geoge’s Medical University, Lucknow.
  • Syed Fiza Mustaqueem Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research; Integral University, Lucknow.
  • Shilpi Gupta Dr. Sonelal Patel Autonomous State Medical College Pratapgarh.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37506/8xvx6v92

Keywords:

Maxillary canine, Mandibular canine, Sexual dimorphism, Sex estimation, Mesiodistal width

Abstract

Abbreviations: MD: Mesiodistal, SD: Standard deviation, mm: millimetres.

Introduction: Various methods of identification such as anthropometry, stature estimation, dactylography, sex estimation, age estimation, DNA analysis, differentiation by blood groups and odontology are used in forensic medicine to create biological profile of an unknown individual. Estimation of sex is the first step towards identification of person. Determination of sex from skeletal remains is an essential task in medicolegal examination.Teeth are highly indestructible and reveal minimal turnover of natural substance hence teeth can be used for sex estimation. Mesiodistal parameter of mandibular and maxillary canine gave evidence of sex estimation due to sexual dimorphism.

Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the sex estimation by mesiodistal width of mandibular canine and mesiodistal width of maxillary canine in north Indian population.

Materials and Methods: The sample comprised of dental impression from 120 individuals (60 males and 60 females), all young adults between 20 and 35 years of age. Impressions of the teeth were made using irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate) material and casts poured in dental stone. Mesiodistal (MD) dimensions of mandibular and maxillary canine of both right and left side is measure by caliper.

Results: Mean mandibular canine width of both right and left sidewere higher in male than female and were statistically significant whereas, mean maxillary canine width of both right and left side were slightly higher in male than female but were not statistically significant in young north Indian population. Left mandibular canine width (6%) was more sexually dimorphic than right mandibular canine width (5.1%). Whereas negligible sexual dimorphism shown by maxillary canine.

Conclusion: The study confirmed that among maxillary and mandibular canine, mandibular canine can be used for sex estimation and shows significant sexual dimorphism.

Author Biographies

  • Mohammad Abdurrahman Khan, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki.

    (Associate Professor), Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki.

  • Manisha Verma, King George’s Medical University Lucknow.

    (Senior Resident) Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George’s Medical University Lucknow.

  • Syed Belal Hassan, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research; Integral University, Lucknow.

    (Associate Professor) Department of Community Medicine, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research; Integral University, Lucknow.

  • Anoop Kumar Verma, King Geoge’s Medical University, Lucknow.

     (Professor and Head) Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, King Geoge’s Medical University,

    Lucknow.

  • Syed Fiza Mustaqueem, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research; Integral University, Lucknow.

     (Associate Professor)Department of Pathology, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research;Integral University, Lucknow.

  • Shilpi Gupta, Dr. Sonelal Patel Autonomous State Medical College Pratapgarh.

     (Assistant Professor)  Department of Dentistry Dr. Sonelal Patel Autonomous State Medical College Pratapgarh.

References

Rajendran R. Shafer's textbook of oral pathology. Elsevier India; 2009.

Rentoul Edgar, Smith Hamilton, editors. Glaister’s medicaljurisprudence andtoxicology, identification. London: ChurchillLivingstone; 1973. p. 59–100.

Brickley M, McKinley JI. Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains. Highfield, Southampton, BABAO. 2004. http://www.babao.org.uk/HumanremainsFINAL.pdf. Accessed 22 April 2015.

Cattaneo C. Forensic anthropology: developments of a classical discipline in the new millennium. Forensic Sci Int. 2007 Jan 17;165(2-3):185-93. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.018. Epub 2006 Jul 14. PMID: 16843626.

Reddy LV. Lip prints: An overview in forensic dentistry. J Adv Dent Res. [2]2011;2(1):17 20.

Dinakaran J, Dineshkumar T, Nandhini G, Priyadharshini N, Rajkumar K. Gender determination using dentition. SRM J Res Dent Sci. 2015;6(1):29-34.

Boaz K, Gupta C. Dimorphism in human maxillary and maxillary canines in establishment

of gender. J Forensic Den Sci. 2009;1:42-44.

Beschiu LM, Ardelean LC, Tigmeanu CV, Rusu LC. Cranial and Odontological Methods for Sex Estimation-A Scoping Review. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Sep 14;58(9):1273. doi: 10.3390/medicina58091273. PMID: 36143950; PMCID: PMC9505889.

Kaushal, S, Patnaik VVG, Agnihotri G. Mandibular canines in sex determination. J Anat Soc India 2003;52: 119-124.

Kiesu JA. Human adult odontometrics. In: The study of variation in adult tooth size. Cambridge University Press.1990.

Mohammed QAR, Abdullah MA, Ashraf, Khan N. Dimorphism of mandibular and maxillary canine teeth in establishing identity SDJ, 1997; 9:17-20.

Otuaga PO, Chris-Ozoko LE, lyndaSakpoba O, Oyem JC. A comparative study of the canine tooth as a tool in gender determination in Nigerian population. Galician medical journal. 2019 Jun 25;26(2).

Garn SM, Lewis AB, Swindler DR, Kerewsky RS. Genetic control of sexual dimorphism in tooth size. J Dent Res. 1967;46(5):963- 972.

Dahberg AA. Dental traits as identification tools. Dent Prog. 1963; 3:155–160.

Gustafson G. (1950). Age determination on teeth. J. Am. Dent. Assoc., 1950; 41: 45-54.

Kieser JA. Human adult odontometrics: the study of variation in adult tooth size. Cambridge: University Press; c1990. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1017/CBO9780511983610 [PMCid: PMC258591].

Gustafsson A, Lindenfors P. Human size evolution: No allometric relationship between male and female stature. J Hum Evol2004; 47:253-66.

Frayer DW, Wolpoff MH. Sexual dimorphism. Ann Rev Anthropol1985; 14:429-73.

Syed MA, Selarka B, Tarsariya V. Sexual dimorphism in permanent maxillary and mandibular canines and intermolar arch width: Endemic study. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2015; 27:405 11.

Mohsenpour K., Gangadhar MR and Samehsalari SJ.Morphol. Sci., 2017, vol. 34, no. 4, p. 247-250.

Bakkannavar SM, Manjunath S, Nayak VC, Kumar GP. Canine index – A tool for sex determinationEgyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences (2015) 5, 157–161.

Nair P, Rao BB, Annigeri RG. A study of tooth size, symmetry and sexual dimorphism. J Forensic Med Toxicol1999; 16:10-13.

Kapila R, Nagesh KS, Iyengar AR, Mehkri S. Sexual Dimorphism in Human Mandibular Canines: A Radiomorphometric Study in South Indian Population, J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2011; 5(2):51-54.

Priya K, Agrawal P, Bagga PK, Kalra H, Sirohi D and Gupta R. Sexual Dimorphism in Mandibular Canine Crown Dimensions in Early Adolescents: A Hospital based Study, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, January-March 2020, 14(1), 56-60.

Maneel G, Girja BR, Tharaka R, Malik PP, Ghodke Kanchana G. Anodontologist’s key to sex determination: Study analysis of mandibular canine teeth in South Indian population. Journal of Orofacial research 2013; 3(3):157-160.

YuvenyaKaeswaren, Anita Zara Weinheimer. The Use of Mandibular and Maxillary Canine Teeth in Establishing Sexual Dimorphism in The Malaysian Population of Selangor. J Forensic Sci & Criminal Inves. 2019; 11(3): 555815.

Downloads

Published

2024-05-13

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): Medicolegal Update

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Comparative Study of Sex Estimation by Mesiodistal width of Mandibular Canine and Mesiodistal width of Maxillary Canine in North Indian Population. (2024). Medico Legal Update, 24(2), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.37506/8xvx6v92