Public Awareness and Perceptions of Medicolegal Autopsies in Kerala

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Death is often met with fear, rooted in the unknown, and many cultures maintain beliefs in life
after death, souls, and ghosts. These beliefs shape rituals to honor the departed. However,
unnatural deaths requiring autopsies can intensify challenges, especially in superstition-heavy
societies. Even in Kerala, with its 100% literacy rate, such beliefs persist. This study examines
public awareness, perceptions, and attitudes toward medicolegal autopsies, exploring how
education, superstition, and medical practices intersect in shaping societal responses.
AIM:
To study the general public’s awareness in Kerala regarding various aspects of medicolegal
autopsies, including the purpose, process, legal implications, and societal perceptions of such
investigations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted using face to face interviews and questionnaire that
was carefully prepared and distributed randomly among the general public across different
regions of Kerala. The responses from study population, were collected for analysis. The
responses were thoroughly examined, and conclusions were drawn based on the data gathered,
providing insights into the public's awareness and perceptions of medicolegal autopsies in the
state.
RESULTS:
The study conducted in Kerala revealed that most laypeople were aware of medicolegal
autopsies, with 92% demonstrating a good understanding. However, 6% partially accepted the
procedure’s feasibility, 1.25% opposed it due to personal or cultural beliefs, and 0.75% were
unfamiliar with the concept. Among those opposing autopsies, 27% cited religious reasons, 18%
feared disfigurement, and 3% considered it ethically wrong. While basic awareness exists,
comprehensive knowledge about the purpose, legal implications, procedures, and significance of
medicolegal autopsies is limited. Misconceptions or incomplete information about when and
why autopsies are conducted were common. The findings highlight the need for educational
initiatives to enhance public understanding of the vital role of medicolegal autopsies in forensic
and legal contexts.
CONCLUSION: The study highlights strong support for autopsies but reveals significant public
knowledge gaps. Addressing misconceptions through education and collaboration can improve
understanding and acceptance, promoting informed consent for medical and legal purposes.