Assessment of Serum Glucose and B12 in the Pregnant Women and their Correlation with the Blood Hemoglobin

Abstract

Vitamin B12 plays a dynamic role in one carbon metabolism, which is essential for the general healthy
pregnancy and predominantly for fetal growth. Another parameter is maternal glucose during pregnancy.
For the transport of the glucose across the placenta, insulin resistance is change for the normal development
of the fetus. This study included 30 pregnant women enrolled at Al-Karkh Materuity hospital in January to
May 2019. The pregnant women with 23rd to 25th gestational week were included in the present study. Fasting
blood was collected form cases (either showed vitamin B12 deficiency or high serum glucose) and healthy
participants after obtaining informed consent. The parameters like child birth weight, type of delivery and
duration of pregnancy was recorded. The vitamin B12 content was significantly lower (222.43±48.41pg/ml)
in the B12 deficient group as compared to healthy control (492.71±52.81 pg/ml). It was observed that the
women with B12 deficiency lead to the premature delivery. The fetus birth weight is negatively correlated
with the presence of vitamin B12 deficiency. Compared to the healthy control, women with high serum
glucose showed significant (p?0.0001) increased in the fetus weight, which may be one of the reason for
C-section delivery. About 87.32% GDM women undergone C-section delivery, while only 12.68% normal
delivery occurs. Most of the normal child delivery was found in the B12 deficient women and maximum
normal child delivery rate was in the healthy control. The fetus birth weight is positively correlated with the
presence of increased serum glucose leves of the mother. It was positively correlated with the pregnancy
complications such as premature birth, increased in fetus weight etc. For anaemic condition in the mother,
vitamin B12 deficiency can be one of the key factor and it should be monitored before planning of pregnancy.