Pattern of Poisoning Cases at a Tertiary Health Care Centre–A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: Poisons are responsible for more than 3 million cases worldwide annually, India being among the highest contributor. Thus, this study identifies burden of poisoning cases at regional level and helps formulate preventive measures.
Materials and Method: Prospective, hospital based cross sectional study conducted at KLE’s Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, with autopsy unit, Belagavi - for 1 year. Data collected using pretested proforma and analyzed.
Results: Total 306 poisoning cases, out of which, 35 cases (11.4%) expired. Highest being pesticide poisoning – 150 cases (49%) and 20 deaths (57.2%). Age group 21 - 30 years was most commonly involved. Male : female ratio - 1.51 : 1 for total cases and 1.69 : 1 for total deaths. Most cases and deaths were suicidal - 67.1% and 80% respectively, common cause being alleged family problems (34.1%). Majority cases were farmers (24.8%). Mortality high in cases coming within 5 hours (19.3%). Majority cases belonged to grade 1 (36.3%) Poison severity score.
Conclusion: Poison management centres should be started at rural places, proper education and mental strength should be imparted to the population to curb intentional cases.