Double Parathyroid Adenoma: Culprit Behind A Non- Functioning Kidney

Abstract

Double Parathyroid adenoma is a rare disease, with hyperparathyroid crisis being one of its unusual
manifestations. Large rise in parathyroid hormone (PTH)levels in benign parathyroid disease is unusual and
have been associated with more sinister diseases.The majority of patients suffering with the clinical entity
hyperparathyroidism are found to have adenomas of one or more parathyroid glands, and the pathologic
physiology of the disease is corrected by surgical removal of the tumor. In general, parathyroid tumors are
classified into adenoma, hyperplasia, cystic changes and carcinoma. The differentiation between adenoma
and hyperplasia is often difficult in usual histopathological examinations. Compared to hyperplasia,
parathyroid adenomas often show a higher increase in the level of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). Bone
fractures, calculi of the urinary tract and higher serum calcium levels are more frequently the first symptoms
of parathyroid adenomas than of hyperplasia. We report in this article, a case of double parathyroid adenoma
with recurrent bilateral renal calculi.