Surgical interventions of colon cancer

Abstract

Colon cancer is most common type of malignancies all over the world. Various risk factors including 
genetic mutations,old age,family history, smoking, drinking excessively, poor diet and several others are 
associated with increasing cases of colorectal carcinoma(CRC). Diagonosis is usually made by  colonoscopy and and confirmed by tissue biopsy. After diagonosis delay to treatment can worsen the disease progression and long-term outcome.
Treatment options for CRC include surgical resection either open or laparoscopic both with their  merits and demerits. Laparoscopic resection have been well accepted for treatment and is known to result in less  hospitalisation and blood loss while open surgery still has same overall survival rate, morbidity  and mortality. Surgical treatment is associated with postoperative complications including port  site metastases, surgical site infections (SSIs),Adhesions, intestinal obstruction, venous  thromboembolic events, colonic ischemia, these complications can be decreased by preoperative  assessment, intraoperative care and postoperative interventions. Controlling nutritional status  (COUNT) score is prognostic factor of postoperative complications and mortality of patients with CRC. 5-years  survival rate has increased upto 70% due to improved treatment modalities.